Number of foundation models per capita

Foundation models are becoming a general-purpose technology with the potential to transform almost every sector of the economy. Countries that develop these models are more likely to attract investment, talent and high-growth AI companies, while also shaping the standards and platforms that others build upon.

Building foundation models requires a unique combination of world-class researchers, large-scale computing infrastructure, access to capital and ambitious technology companies. As AI becomes a key driver of productivity and competitiveness, the ability to develop foundation models is increasingly becoming a measure of technological leadership.

Artificial intelligence has become a strategic priority for Europe's long-term competitiveness. Recent EU initiatives increasingly emphasise strengthening Europe's AI ecosystem by expanding access to computing infrastructure, supporting frontier research and accelerating the commercialisation of AI technologies.

Developing foundation models depends on far more than scientific excellence alone. It requires an innovation ecosystem where researchers, startups and established companies can access the capital, computing resources and markets needed to build globally competitive AI businesses. Strengthening these conditions will play an important role in determining Europe's position in the next wave of technological development.