Data sources

The macro backbone: GDP per capita, R&D intensity, researchers, high-tech exports, scientific articles, ICT service exports and tertiary enrolment, with decades of history for the EU, US and China.

Most annual trend charts, the landing-page gap figures and the Momentum Index inputs. D9+ values are built from the 13 member countries.

European business demography and migration statistics: how many new information & communication firms are born each year, and how many residence permits are issued for highly skilled work, EU Blue Cards and research, for the EU and every member state.

New high-tech firm formation, and the inflow of highly skilled migrants.

Venture capital investment as a share of GDP, one definition applied to every covered country, 2007 through 2025.

The VC investment trend; EU and D9+ are GDP-weighted member aggregates.

Expert-coded scoring of the rules businesses face, including the administrative burden of setting up a company, for all 27 EU members alongside the United States and China.

Ease of starting a business.

The public model registry of the world's AI labs, counted by the region each lab calls home.

Foundation models per region on the home page and dashboard.

Real-time electricity load for 23 EU countries plus Norway and Switzerland, our live proxy for industrial activity.

The live electricity map and demand figures; Denmark and Estonia come from their national operators.

Live European share prices for the 45 companies we track, 15 per region in any sector, from which each region's eight most valuable are shown.

The live market ticker and the top-company market values, updated while markets trade.

The euro-dollar reference rate, so European market values can be stated in US dollars.

Every USD conversion behind the market ticker.

Git pushes per economy, GitHub's own quarterly dataset on where software is actually written.

Software activity per million inhabitants on the world map.

Independently verified AI supercomputers worldwide, converted into H100-equivalent GPUs.

AI computing power by region, with an explicit China-coverage caveat.

The ranking of the world's best language models by head-to-head human preference, read from the publisher's own dataset.

Where the top-100 AI models come from, shown as a dated snapshot.

Annual unicorn counts by country, which we normalise per million inhabitants.

Unicorn density on the world map.

The Global Presence Index: economic, military and soft presence beyond a country's own borders, with the EU measured as an actor in its own right.

The geopolitical strength comparison between the EU, the US and China.

Global media monitoring that counts worldwide coverage mentioning the Draghi report.

The accountability page's media-attention counter.

The public tracker of which Draghi-report measures have been adopted in binding EU legislation, and which are still outstanding.

The accountability page's implemented, partially implemented and remaining counts.

The latest analysis and announcements from the S9+ coalition's own newsroom.

The news feed on the landing page.

US new employer firms in information and computer services, the American counterpart to Eurostat's business demography.

The US side of new high-tech firm formation.

The official European electricity data hub, used for the few grids that publish nowhere else.

Bulgaria's live demand, and a fallback source for every other European country.

Danish grid consumption per price area, published by the national transmission operator.

Denmark's place on the live electricity demand map.

Estonian grid consumption, published by the national transmission operator.

Estonia's place on the live electricity demand map.

Hourly US electricity demand for the lower 48 states, the American counterpart to Energy-Charts.

The US side of the live industrial-output comparison.

Curated, harmonized world electricity data; the reference dataset for grids that publish no live feed.

China's electricity demand, shown as a monthly average beside the live EU and US figures.